http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.wired.com/images/article/full/2008/07/gorrie_ice_machine_400px.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2008/07/dayintech_0714&usg=__cBd-CFaia3asA7F7tza8OW9Af1g=&h=417&w=400&sz=89&hl=en&start=587&tbnid=xPUu5HS0RlrZ_M:&tbnh=125&tbnw=120&prev=/images%3Fq%3DICE%2BPICTURES%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26start%3D580
July 14, 1850: What a Cool Idea, Dr. GorrieBy Randy Alfred 07.14.08
1850: Florida physician John Gorrie uses his mechanical ice-maker to astonish the guests at a party. It's America's first public demonstration of ice made by refrigeration.
William Cullen had demonstrated the principle of artificial refrigeration in a University of Glasgow laboratory in 1748, by allowing ethyl ether to boil into a vacuum. American Oliver Evans designed in 1805 -- but never built -- a refrigeration machine that used vapor instead of liquid. Jacob Perkins used Evans' concept for an experimental volatile-liquid, closed-cycle compressor in 1834. more--But ice was expensive in the Florida summer and often completely unavailable. Gorrie wanted to make it mechanically. He wrote:
If the air were highly compressed, it would heat up by the energy of compression. If this compressed air were run through metal pipes cooled with water, and if this air cooled to the water temperature was expanded down to atmospheric pressure again, very low temperatures could be obtained, even low enough to freeze water in pans in a refrigerator box.
Gorrie began tinkering with compressor-coolers and had a working model by the mid 1840s. The power source was irrelevant to his invention: It could be driven by wind, water, steam or the brute force of an animal.
He applied for patents in 1848 and had a prototype built in Ohio by the Cincinnati Iron Works. It was described in Scientific American the following year, but Gorrie still had to attract venture capital to fight the existing ice-block industry.
SEE http://h2omf.blogspot.com/
http://alaskaenergypolicy.blogspot.com/
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
June 11, 2009
The unit stores energy at night by making ice, then uses that ice during the day to compress coolant. Utilities like the ability to reduce afternoon peak demand this way.
http://energypriorities.com/entries/2009/06/cw09_expo_tour.php
www.ucalgary.ca/.../umagazine/spring2009/icecaps above
blogs.nature.com/.../olive_heffernan/ right > glacier
William Cullen had demonstrated the principle of artificial refrigeration in a University of Glasgow laboratory in 1748, by allowing ethyl ether to boil into a vacuum. American Oliver Evans designed in 1805 -- but never built -- a refrigeration machine that used vapor instead of liquid. Jacob Perkins used Evans' concept for an experimental volatile-liquid, closed-cycle compressor in 1834. more--But ice was expensive in the Florida summer and often completely unavailable. Gorrie wanted to make it mechanically. He wrote:
If the air were highly compressed, it would heat up by the energy of compression. If this compressed air were run through metal pipes cooled with water, and if this air cooled to the water temperature was expanded down to atmospheric pressure again, very low temperatures could be obtained, even low enough to freeze water in pans in a refrigerator box.
Gorrie began tinkering with compressor-coolers and had a working model by the mid 1840s. The power source was irrelevant to his invention: It could be driven by wind, water, steam or the brute force of an animal.
He applied for patents in 1848 and had a prototype built in Ohio by the Cincinnati Iron Works. It was described in Scientific American the following year, but Gorrie still had to attract venture capital to fight the existing ice-block industry.
SEE http://h2omf.blogspot.com/
http://alaskaenergypolicy.blogspot.com/
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
June 11, 2009
The unit stores energy at night by making ice, then uses that ice during the day to compress coolant. Utilities like the ability to reduce afternoon peak demand this way.
http://energypriorities.com/entries/2009/06/cw09_expo_tour.php
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
www.ucalgary.ca/.../umagazine/spring2009/icecaps aboveblogs.nature.com/.../olive_heffernan/ right > glacier
OCEAN ICE
TIDAL ICE
WAVE ICE
NORTHERN RIVER ICE
http://images.google.com/images?gbv=2&hl=en&sa=1&q=northern+river+ice&btnG=Search+Images&aq=f&oq=
http://images.google.com/images?gbv=2&hl=en&sa=1&q=northern+river+ice&btnG=Search+Images&aq=f&oq=
RIVER ICE
